single-particle excitation

例句：

1. 1.The study of the single-particle excitation in a solid is crucial for understanding its electronic structure.
   研究固体中的单粒子激发对于理解其电子结构至关重要。
2. 2.In this experiment, we observed the single-particle excitation by monitoring the energy levels of the atoms.
   在这个实验中，我们通过监测原子的能量级别来观察单粒子激发。
3. 3. The mechanism of single-particle excitation has been studied extensively in the field of quantum physics.
   量子物理学领域对单粒子激发机制进行了广泛的研究。